Competencies Variations Between Associate Degree and Baccalaureate Degree Nurses Essay

Skills Variation between Associate Degree and Baccalaureate Degree The distinction in capabilities between the partner degree and Baccalaureate degree nurture has been a theme for conversation for a long time. Before the advanced act of nursing the debilitated was dealt with by non gifted people, for example, miscreants, holy people or moms (Fact Sheet). Present day nursing started with Florence Nightingale, however has developed throughout the years to turn into a rich history that remembers propels for training of attendants, in this way framing three passage level of nursing, Diploma, Associate and Baccalaureate of nursing. This conversation will address the distinction in abilities between the partner degree and Baccalaureate degree medical caretakers. The ADN program was begun to encourage the need of attendants in the post war years. This is a two years program that shows the medical attendant to give comfort the physiologic steadiness and serene demise. (Yoder 2010). This program was likewise observed as a perfect course for the individuals who incline toward a quicker and cheap course of turning into an enlisted nurture. Despite the fact that the bedside practice of the ADN and BSN medical attendants are comparative, the ADN nurture centers around the reasonable help more than the hypothesis. The distinction in abilities can be found in the additional two years required for the BSN program. These alumni are presented to more essentials hypothesis, initiative administration, exploration and network based wellbeing courses. (Spensor 2008). They are progressively arranged for the consistently changing heath care field in light of the fact that their fundamental center, are proof â€based practice. They are instructed to think autonomously, use judgment, basic reasoning, thinking and dynamic abilities, to comprehend the current circumstance before giving consideration, and by using these aptitude they are better ready to work inside interdisciplinary group and have better patient consideration result. A case of this was seen in a patient consideration circumstance on a drug careful unit, where the ADN nurture was dealing with a patient with history of uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension who was going to be released. His blood glucose was consistently checked, drug was administered fittingly and she ensured that he was getting the suitable eating routine plate from the kitchen. Anyway when his call light was replied by the BSN nurture she saw that he had a parcel of potato chips and a few treats on his bedside table that was open. She tended to his need, at that point revealed to him that she saw the treats and potato chips at his bedside, which he confessed to nibble on, and included that the treats were sans sugar and chips were not extremely salty and that was everything he could truly bear. The BSN nurture had the option to address the current circumstance and had the option to show the pt that despite the fact that a parcel may peruse sugar free didn't mean it was alright to have. Since it very well may be stacked with starches, which separate into sugar. She at that point worked together with interdisciplinary group of dietician and social administrations to set up this patient for release, where this patient and his family were instructed how to conform to his eating regimen, by figuring out how understood marks, pick nourishments, and the significant of doing as such. Social administrations guarantee that he was given the data of network based assets in his local that will take care of his money related just as his social needs. Despite the fact that the ADN nurse’s bedside nursing was proper, obviously the two additional long stretches of understanding the idea driving the aptitudes isolated a medical attendant that utilization basic intuition from one that performed task. In light of the regularly changing medicinal services framework a further extent of attendants are looked for. Along these lines the nursing programs help to prepare graduates to give fantastic and all encompassing consideration while urging them to accomplish long lasting journey for information and the quest for advance proficient degree.

Technologies of humility free essay sample

Sheila Jasanoff’s â€Å"Technologies of Humility† are new ways to deal with dynamic that ‘seek to coordinate the ‘can-do’ direction of science and building with the ‘should-do’ inquiries of moral and political analysis† (Jasanoff, 2003). As it were, innovation should be responsible in the creation and utilization of logical information. The entire reason is to pose the inquiries: what is the reason; who will be harmed; who bene? ts; and how might we know? † These inquiries are introduced an offset to what Jasanoff alludes to as â€Å"technologies of hubris†Ã¢â‚¬a order and control way to deal with science and innovation. The thought behind ‘technologies of humility’ is to think about the results of a specific creation/innovation through the audit of different gatherings †network, experts, and so forth. Periodically the outcomes are not considered preceding the innovation being put out into the network. Confining: In 1800 Thomas Jefferson needed to build up a conduit to advance the development of items the nation over. We will compose a custom article test on Advances of quietude or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page All things considered, the innovation of transportation was planned at first to move material and items starting with one point then onto the next more productively and improve economies. The components not at first considered were the detours they would experience. The conduit that Jefferson imagined was not exactly conceivable because of the Rocky Mountains that partitioned the land and the absence of a conduit across North America. There were additionally components, for example, the fuel expected to work the vessels, trains and vehicles, the support required and the contamination these vehicles would at last reason. Defenselessness: People who live close to railways experience medical problems going from asthma to tumors because of the contamination and harmful vapor transmitted. Not exclusively are numerous individuals influenced Technologies of Humility by the contamination created via trains and vehicles, however nature has endured therefore. An unnatural weather change is to some degree because of the over the top contaminations brought about by these advances. Dispersion: Better testing of contamination outflows must be done before discharging these transportation roads into the networks. What should be possible to decrease the discharges that are causing ecological issues and sound issues for the network occupants? Finding different approaches to control vehicles and trains is basic. The usage of cross breed and electric vehicles is beyond question a decent beginning however should be developed. Learning: The exercises learned have been those that have influenced the wellbeing and security of the network and the effect on the earth. The Clean Air Act is a decent method to help forestall future harm to the occupants and condition yet I’m not certain it goes far enough at this time. The legislature is completely mindful of the harms these developments have caused †the issue is the thing that all should be possible to limit further harm and diminish or fix the harm previously caused. End: The underlying issue that transportation was intended to address was getting individuals and item starting with one spot then onto the next in a convenient, progressively effective way. The issue was tended to effectively however the drawn out wellbeing and natural impacts of transportation were not thought of and subsequently, numerous individuals have become ill and the earth has endured. Further research and enhancements to transportation alternatives is fundamental to ensure the individuals and to forestall and additionally limit future harm to the earth.

Christopher Morley Essay

On Christopher Morley’s â€Å"On Laziness†, he presents the subject of sluggishness, convincing his crowd about the charm lethargy through logical impact and offer to human instinct. Indolence, which is commonly viewed as a shortcoming or sin, is changed into a way to â€Å"enlightened† living utilizing logical impact. As a writer on lethargy, Morley presents his subject to the crowd in the instructive and friendly tone, utilizing a modern correspondence to give style. Morley promotes the engaging quality of lethargy by speaking to some of society’s most prominent want: alleviation from obligation, regard, bliss, and edification. Like the styles of proselytizer sponsors in unSpun, in his article Chris Morley can ensure the perusers something significant in vain, or rather from sitting idle. As the normal man, the essayist accomplishes this plan by having the option to speak with the basic man, knowing their own characteristics and quims for his own. The tone of â€Å"On Laziness† is canny, yet neighborly, similar to a shrewd guide spreading his tenets to profit his understudies. Morley lazy way of thinking is a relative belief system, seen in even contemporary society today, for example â€Å"Hakuna Matata,† the advanced Swahili state (put on the map from The Lion King,) legitimately interpreting, â€Å"No worries.† What's more, despite the vintage distribution date (1920s), Morley utilization of trite tales can be related to the basic man of any decade, â€Å"the clamoring man†¦ who is solicited to take care of the issues from others and disregard his own.† â€Å"People regard laziness.† In this announcement, indolence’s character is built up and given a verifiable, and praiseworthy notoriety. Everything thinks about sluggishness, yet this article rather done overlooking it, commends this human attribute by shouting how the most joyful men are frequently the laziest. Morley utilizes articulate jargon in his style, utilizing the persuasiveness of his discourse to control the crowd into accepting that the subject to whom he presents is as complex and keen as his language. Christopher Morley further accomplishes his motivation by utilizing expository impact, the methods for convincing discourse that is set up through semantic interests, logos-rationale; ethos-character; and sentiment feeling; Christopher accentuates on the two last talk angles, ethos and emotion. â€Å"Doctor Johnson, who was one if the best logicians, was lazy.† Simply by referencing the title, â€Å"Doctor†, Morley quickly sets up believability, since who wouldn’t trust a specialist? Additionally, it is observable to perceive how Morley right away connections reasoning with apathy, rousing a sort of respected astuteness that is connected with scholars. Furthermore, the â€Å"immortal Biography,† simply like the Bible or the Torah or the Quran, only promoting a letter makes a love relatable to sacrosanct writings. â€Å"One ought to be mindful so as to recognize lethargy from noble repose.† Through citing the expressions of O. Henry, the writer further sets up ethos, associating his own idea in a mutual conviction with that a celebrated and capable essayist. â€Å"On Laziness† additionally requests to emotion in some of society’s most wanted destinations, edification, joy, and unwinding. In a nearly showcasing deals esque pitch, the essayist infers that one’s condition of torpor, which is achievable into any human mind, can ensure these characteristics. Christopher Morley’s paper, â€Å"On Laziness,† counters the irregularity reason for sluggishness, demonstrating the crowd how this subject can take out the pressure and inconvenience in our lives, by just developing what we’ve normally experienced and long for indeed. This grammar of this report claims to some of denizen’s yearning to become edification logicians, sluggishness being such a luring street to turning out to be so without really doing any strolling. The â€Å"acquired laziness,† however matter the amount of a confusing expression it might seem like, is by Morley’s definition, a decided lifestyle, not by absence of solidarity or goals, yet as a planned decision.

Animal Dreams :: dreams

Creature Dreams  â 'Stop it!' I shouted. My heart was pounding. 'You're slaughtering that winged animal!' - Codi Noline, Animal Dreams  Those are the expressions of Codi Noline, a fearless champion with her brain set on safeguarding a lovely yet exposed peacock from horrendous torment by a gathering of unbalanced kids on her first day back in her old neighborhood of Grace, Arizona.â Much to Codi's mortification, the fowl ends up being only a piã ±ata, spilling treats and brilliant fortunes as opposed to a shocking mass of blood and bone.â The kids aren't a pack of miserably grieved youth taking part in creature mutilation for sport, just an ordinary gathering of children taking an interest in a gathering game extremely basic toward the Southwestern Mexico-affected culture terrified and confounded by an outsider's outburst.â Anyone who has seen a piã ±ata may think about how an individual without impeded vision could botch one of those splendid, fake paper mache manifestations professionally creature, however some of the time an anomalous perspective can cause the world to be seen through a murkier dimness than poor vision would ever produce.â Codi's misinterpretation of the peacock occurrence is a somewhat clever story, however it has a more profound hidden meaning.â Things are not generally as they appear, regardless of whether they are seen with the eyes, the brain, or the heart.â This is a fact Codi learns somewhat more of consistently she is home.â Her own otherworldly and passionate excursions are reflected partially by her changing perspectives on the town's pet flying creatures, the peacocks.â The town's ladies authors, the blue-peered toward, dull haired Gracela sisters from Spain, showed up to marry forlorn gold excavators and left the unassuming community with a heritage of looks, legends, and extraordinary wild winged animals. From the outset, the vulnerability of the piã ±ata Codi accepts is genuine helps her to remember her own weakness, and the way that it has no safeguards appears her own absence of assurance fromâ her different misfortunes. (DeMarr, 1999)â Codi's arrival isn't the cheerful homecoming of the understudy casted a ballot generally well known in secondary school, yet the arrival of one who has consistently felt unique and alienated.â She considers herself to be a pariah on account of her looks, her dad's request that his young ladies were better than every other person, and her absence of beloved recollections of Grace.â Even before the occurrence with the piã ±ata, the peacocks drove themselves to the front of Codi's brain by being the principal thing she heard while strolling through her calm town.

Information Tecnology Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Data Tecnology Law - Essay Example In the wake of holding talks for two or three years with the EU, the US, to the underlying dismay of quite a bit of Europe, had the option to wrest an understanding that would rescue its organizations from the unbending standard of the EU. The EU/US Safe Harbor understanding is a trade off settlement that would permit US organizations to get individual information from the UK regardless of the finding of insufficiency of US information insurance framework. The EU/US Safe Harbor understanding, which nearly depends on self-guideline of its part associations, experiences crucial auxiliary and procedural breaches that debilitate its impact. The EU Data Protection Law The United Nations was the main global body to dig on the issue of information insurance during the twentieth commemoration of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1968. It offered the conversation starter with respect as far as possible should be set in the utilization of gadgets to secure protection rights. Along these lines, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) drafted the Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data in 1980 while the Council of Europe thought of Convention for the Protection of Individuals with Regard Automatic Processing of Personal Data additionally around the same time. The non-restricting OECD Guidelines went before a warmed contradiction between some European nations and the United States where the previous charged the last of purposeful laxity in its information insurance laws as a system to globalize its PC industry and the last blamed the previous for protectionism through information a ssurance. The OECD Guidelines consequently, was a trade off of the clashing position of the gatherings. Then again, the Council’s bargain happened after contemplations in the trouble, particularly by multinationals, in moving individual information starting with one nation then onto the next in light of the distinctive procedural components in every nation. The need to orchestrate these diverse procedural components was the essential goal of the treaty.2 As the development of an European regular market lingered in the skyline, the European Council at last surrendered to the long-term recommendation that it thinks of a Directive that would handle information assurance. In 1990, the EC gave Directive 95/46 otherwise called the Data Protection Directive, which has since been portrayed as â€Å"the most compelling global approach instrument to date.†3 It was officially actualized on October 1995, with Member States given until 1998 to change their separate laws to fit in w ith its arrangements. While the Council’s prior arrangement was planned for fitting national laws on information insurance, 4 the essential target of Directive 95/46 is to ensure the individual’s protection as a fundamental right. This Directive is a union of all endeavors to get a uniform information assurance laws in all Member States, since contrasts in levels of information insurance hamper the free progression of individual information starting with one Member Country then onto the next, which can bring about trouble in the execution of a brought together European market.5 The rights that are epitomized in the Directive are placed more or less by Article 8 of the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights, which produced results in 2009 simultaneously with the Treaty of Lisbon. These rights are: the privilege to insurance of individual information; the option to have individual information prepared

The Last Call Someone Making Calls To Get What He Wants - 2200 Words

The Last Call: Someone Making Calls To Get What He Wants (Essay Sample) Content: THE LAST CALL. Everything in the state was going smoothly. The president and his cabinet did all they could to serve the citizens equally. Since the citizens themselves paid their taxes well, the government had totally nothing to complain about the citizens of the country. Unfortunately, terrorist case rates were on the rise. Terrorists who had no choice of their victims, they took all and dealt with all equally. The government worked so hard to try and stop these terrorists. All sorts of remedies they thought of could not work against the raging terrorist group, The Mob. This was a group of old well educated men and women who stole money and killed people for a living. They believed that anybody who decided to stand in their way was their enemy. Of late, the government was their major enemy since they made efforts to fight these skilled men and women day in day out. The levels of security in the country were taken up a notch once the terrorists bombed a supermarket c lose to the white house. The president did all he could to set the people of his country at peace after nine people were reported dead from the supermarket bombing. The Mob gave him sleepless nights. He knew each and every one of the members of the Mob because he went to the same high school with them He was always class president of his class, Jimmy, Clarke, John and Clare were the frequent troublemakers. These four, now were members of The Mob causing havoc to the society. Many thought it was cool how they drove around in the worlds most expensive cars or how they managed to crack the worlds highest security level codes. The president himself just took it as a long time grudge he had with his high school friends and ever since high school, the grudge grew into something on a totally new level. The president was a kind man in the threshold of his life yearning to change the lives of people. Ever since he met Jimmy, Clarke, John and Clare in high school, his intentions were always t o bring the good out of someone and he hoped that the people he served also knew that. His family of just three, his wife and two twin girls loved their father very much and even though their father was a busy man, they made a point of seeing him on a daily basis. The president also made it a priority to go home to his wife on a daily basis aside from work duties. His family meant the world to him. He had birthday cards that his little daughters cut out for him in his office in the white house just to remind him what he adored most in the world. One way or another, the Mob got to the presidents neck. Jimmy the leader of the group who planned their every single move was a science protge from Harvard; he was always right in his calculations. Clarke was their technology specialist. He loved wiring things and setting things up to explode or detonate. John was their everyday chauffer. From flying a plane to piloting a ship to the grand prix on the tracks, he was a professional. Clare was the ammunition specialist. She called her guns her toys and kept every single one of them safe because she knew how to use them. Nobody had a better eye than she did. These four made the most feared terrorist group in the state just from their capability to think and to use their skillful abilities well. The holiday spirit was creeping in and everybody wanted a taste of the Christmas cheer. Every single detail in the governments security system was kept crucial since the period ahead was a time for criminals to try and sow from where they havent reaped. Nevertheless, the government kept calm, enjoyed their Christmas holiday and nothing could possibly give them a scare under the leadership of the president. It was the morning of Christmas Eve; the president was in the white house with his family ready to wish his citizens a merry Christmas. He received many anonymous calls from important people but there was one specific call he paid very close attention to. This was what the voice on the other side said to the president. Hello Mr. President, I would love to wish you a merry Christmas with your family. However, I have a money problem. Please send a sum of four billion dollars to my account number so that we could all share in the Christmas spirit, or else! The president gave the phone back to his guards thinking it was just one of the usual frauds looking for money to steal or to scare people with cheap threats. The Vice President suddenly walked in just before the president was to make his speech to the citizens and reassured him that everything is okay. The president then got up the podium, looked straight at the camera and reporters and made his Christmas speech to his citizens. His family was flown to Italy for the holiday and waited for their daddy to finish his speech and come with. Everyone clapped and cheered after the President wished them a merry Christmas. The President took a phone and dialed is wife to check up on them every ten minutes. His wife told him to stop worrying since they were escorted by six military jets and the army. Still the President thought it wasnt enough considering his family was a part of him he could not afford to lose. Mr. President, you have to take this call. Said the secretary who walked in abruptly interrupting the Presidents conversation with his wife. Yes, this is the President speaking. It seems my four billion dollars has been delayed Mr. President, I dont understand why. Said the voice on the other end. The President remembered he received a call from the same joker before he made his speech and decided to similarly ignore the second call from the culprit. The way he handed over the phone to the secretary said a lot whether he wanted to receive calls again that day. It was Christmas for crying out loud, cut him some slack. The president postponed all his meetings of the day just to video chat with his lovely wife on Christmas Eve. He asked not to be given any appointments since he was tendin g to is family and daughters. The night was young and everybody in the country eagerly waited for Boxing Day to open their presents. The President most especially waited for a call from his wife at eight in the evening. He was worried since it got to eight fifteen and she still had not called. Luckily, at nine, he got a call. He ran to receive his phone like a young teenager who was addicted to using his phone. The caller identification was hidden Hallo, I dont want to spoil your evening, but my four billion dollars has not yet reached my account yet, Mr. President. We would not like to spoil your evening Jones like you spoiled our lives in middle school. Kindly oblige before somebody gets hurtokay? Said the voice on the other end. Who was the voice referring to as Jones? There could only be one explanation to this, The Mob. Nobody knew that name. He dropped that name before he finished middle school with Jimmy, Clarke, John and Clare. They were the only ones who knew that name. He looked out his window because he saw something coming to the white house from a distance. Was it a plane, a bird, a car? No, it was a missile heading for the presidents window but he did not know that. He asked his guard what that was and the guard just grabbed him and jumped out the window with him Boom! The white house was hit. Pieces of glass fell on the ground and screams were heard from the building. The big question was, is the president safe? Nobody even cared who was attacking the president. The SWAT team came into action and looked for the president while the army looked for the source of the missile. The President in some of the bushes lying flat took a jump of his life past two floors to the bushes on the ground and was still alive. His trusty guard led him to the safe underground base past the broken glass and the fallen building remains. Could this really have been caused by the Mob? The president quickly looked for a phone and dialed is wife to check if his wife was ok ay. Luckily she was okay but she sounded awfully calm, something that seemed awkward of her that night. Suddenly, his wife gave the phone to another man whom she said wanted to say merry Christmas to the president. This is what the voice said, Give me my four billion dollars or your family is next Mr. President, oh, have a merry Christmas. Every nerve in the presidents body suddenly tripped on hearing that. What was going to happen to his wife and daughters? Everyone was happy that the president was safe and immediately he was shifted to the military base which was much safer at the moment. He could not get his mind off the thought that his wife and daughters were in grave danger and he had to do something about it. But there was no way he would use four...

Unusual Facts About College Essay Prof Reader Services Uncovered by an Old Pro

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Youth Gangs Across the Globe Essay - 4796 Words

Most gangs are created to form a sense of power and control. All types of problems are presented to the youths of today growing up in major cities. Before being so eager to jump to conclusions, we must try to understand these problems, or we will never find a solution to them. Gang members are out there trying to find a family that some never had. It may not seem like much to you - an abandoned house or a park - but it becomes a place to call their own. It’s easy to say â€Å"why don’t they ever leave the gang†, but many of those teenagers won’t leave until years to come, if ever. Gang life becomes the only thing they know. Everyone wants to feel needed, and in those blocks or areas, they feel needed. The gang life in Los Angeles,†¦show more content†¦The truth is most seek some kind of power, but they have already found it. Eventually their sense of mentality is â€Å"I can do what I want, where ever I want, and when I want. Forget everybody else! Police do what they got to do, and I’m here to do what I got to do.† They will soon have total disrespect for everyone who makes rules. When most gang member’s family’s income is low, it instills an attitude. â€Å"What have I got to lose - nothing†, because it isn’t like gang bangers are coming out of nice homes. Most have to defend themselves the best way they know how, and just like anyone else they do the easiest thing possible. They end up living in the streets, so they will survive by the streets. They commit crimes, and break any law they feel necessary. The problem is some really don’t realize it all. How can they feel guilty when they might be able to feed their sisters and brothers, when their mother might be strung out on drugs? Should they feel guilty? I don’t believe it’s fair to say they should, when society sees it, but choose to act blind to what’s surrounding us. They can’t be the only ones blamed, because they simply do the same thing. Everybody wants to be special. If you can’t be special by being a model citizen to everyone, then I’ll be the one everyone fears is what some gangs think. Clothes can play a big part in an identity. A particular color, hair style,Show MoreRelatedAn Essay on Cause and Effect972 Words   |  4 Pagescultural and social changes. These cultural and social changes did not only have a significant on the lifestyles of human beings around the world, but it also effected on how people deal with one and other. It must be noted that human civilization across the globe has remained in the constant process of evolution and no matter what, this process of evolution could not be resisted and people have to surrender to change. The process of evolution became even more rapid in the post information technol.ogyRead MoreExecutive Summary America s Most Popular Anti Drug Program Essay801 Words   |  4 PagesPrevious meta-analyses† (Ennett, et al., 1994; West O Neal, 2004) indicate that one of the nation s most popular drug prevention programs, the Drug Abuse Resistance Education program (D.A.R.E.), was not effective in reducing illicit drug use among youths. Current evaluations have produced an array of evidence showing the effectiveness of the new D.A.R.E. curriculum. Future studies must be conducted to determine if this new curriculum is effective. This analysis will show how this once prosperous programRead MoreEssay on The media perpetrating negative stereotypes of youths1358 Words   |  6 Pagesbattle between youths and older generations has been fuelled by the media†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"playgrounds have been turned into battlegrounds† and words are now a lethal weapon. 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Among these are the, McGruff Club which is a â€Å"crime prevention and safetyRead Moreâ€Å"Biggest Challenges Young Adults Face Today† Essay943 Words   |  4 Pagestheir life. Discussion A challenge facing youth is unemployment. When looking back as far as decades ago, the youth of today have a very hard time finding a steady good job. During the time period we have notice that economy has had a downturn which affected jobs and several other companies. Studies show that across the globe, the economic crisis has had a dramatic impact on the challenges facing young people seeking jobs. Between 2008 and 2008, the youth unemployment rate has seen the largest annualRead MoreHistory and Overview of the Boys and Girls Club of America1999 Words   |  8 Pagesschool. As a non-profit organization, Boys and Girls Clubs of America run after-school clubs that serves over 4 million children across 3,400 facilities throughout 50 states and Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. The organization also has 150 clubs located on the Native American tribal lands as well as another 400 clubs located in military bases that are spread across the globe. Since its inception, the organization and i ts predecessors have been tackling juvenile delinquency for more than 100 years. InRead MoreAbstract. This Memoir Employed A Mixed Methods Design To1562 Words   |  7 Pages There are remedies that will prove effective. In the latter sections propose interventions in the Juvenile Justice system in Haiti that will reduce the rates of juvenile delinquency when implemented. Examination of juvenile reform systems across the globe including the USA, India, Mexico and France with interviews with government officials further suggest and indicate that proposed intervention will reduce the likelihood of subsequent repeat offenders. If truly this is the goal of the juvenile

Essay about The Cuban Missile Crisis - 2116 Words

The Cuban Missile Crisis Thousands of minuscule ripples protrude from the vast Atlantic Ocean. The sun, old in its day and weary of shining down upon the blue green sea begins to set. Almost as if to save the best for last, a brilliant mirage of orange and red color is cast upon the busy waves. Nowhere on this planet is this image captured so brilliantly as in the Caribbean, and nowhere on the earth is such a surreal scene captured daily. This heaven on Earth is a painter ¡Ã‚ ¦s paradise, a travel agent ¡Ã‚ ¦s dream, and a honeymooner utopia. For as far back as man can remember, numerous competitive countries have sought after this Shangri-La. Whether for their views, climate, people, or numerous crops, the scattered islands that inhabit the†¦show more content†¦The infamous Bay of Pigs incident left thousands of soldiers captured, and the United States government extremely embarrassed. It was just before this time that the United States sent nuclear missiles to Turkey, just over the USSR ¡Ã‚ ¦s horizon. Russia responded to these and other actions by placing missiles in Cuba, 90 miles away from America ¡Ã‚ ¦s southern tip, spawning the Cuban missile crisis. It was in fact the United States government ¡Ã‚ ¦s hostility towards Communist Cuba that led up to the Cuban missile crisis. Presently, Cuba ¡Ã‚ ¦s economy is a centrally planned state-owned economy in which the state organizes, directs, and controls the economic life of the nation. Foreign trade, according to the constitution is  ¡Ã‚ §the exclusive function of the state ¡Ã‚ ¨. (Article 18) The ministry of foreign trade was created in 1961 to be the only state agency authorized to conduct foreign trade. All trade is conducted through the ministry which controls 40 foreign trade enterprises, each responsible for a different product. It was not always this way in Cuba however. Cubans endured numerous revolutions to convert their economic system from mercantilism, to capitalism, and eventually to communism. Cubans, however refer them as different stages of one single revolution. Unique social aspects that needed changing marked each stage of the Cuban revolution. Cuba ¡Ã‚ ¦s landowning aristocracy (Ranchers, coffee and sugar planters) initiated the wars ofShow MoreRelatedThe Cuban Missile Crisis1149 Words   |  5 Pagescausing a civil war. Both the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Vietnam War illustrate the United States attempt to combat communism. The Cuban Missile Crisis in the prevention of a nuclear war. Whereas the Vietnam War ultimately curtailed the spread of communism. (CMC) During the Cuban Missile Crisis, the U.S was trying to prevent a nuclear war, and attempting to contain the hostility between the U.S and the Soviet Union. In 1962, an American U2 plane spotted a Russian missile site being built with shortRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis1188 Words   |  5 Pageseven know. Topic Sentence: The Cuban missile was a crazy time. It happened some fifty years ago when John F. Kennedy was president. It was when one of U.S. spy plane caught Soviet Union trying to sneak some nuclear missiles into Cuba that was ninety miles off the United States’ coast. Soon enough president Kennedy had to talk to one of their leaders about what are they doing with the missiles and if they do not remove it there will be a war. The Cuban missile crisis happened during the Cold War betweenRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis1495 Words   |  6 PagesKennedy was made aware of Soviet missiles in Cuba. This was the testing ground, the closest the world has ever been to nuclear war, the Cuban Missile Crisis, 16-28 October, 1962. The future for millions of lives depended upon the ability of United States President John F. Kennedy and Russian Premier Nikita Khrushchev to reach an agreement in which both did not lose face, and more importantly, the world survived. The events leading up to the Cuban Missile Crisis, as explained by Sheldon M. SternRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Essay2455 Words   |  10 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis bought the world closer to extinction than ever before. It was through the decisive actions of newly elected president John F Kennedy and then premier of the USSR Nikita Khrushchev that the confrontation did not escalate into all out nuclear war. The Cuban Missile Crisis lasted for 13 days, it was predicated on the fact that the Soviet Union was placing intercontinental ballistic missiles on the island country of Cuba which is just off the coast of the United States nearRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis1016 Words   |  4 Pages Events leading up to this potential catastrophic war was the Cuban Revolution, the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, US anti-communism, insecurity of the Soviet Union, and Cubas fear of invasion. Thankfully, the conflict was avoided due to great cooperation from both President J ohn F. Kennedy of the United States and Soviet Union leader, Nikita Khrushchev. Each decision made by each leader was vital in the outcome of The Crisis. Kennedys choice to take action by methods of quarantine insteadRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis2013 Words   |  9 PagesInvestigation The purpose of this investigation is to establish the extent to which there was a victor at the end of the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. This investigation will evaluate the position of both Khrushchev and Kennedy after the crisis in order to draw the victor. Looking into the intentions and goals of USA and the USSR leading up to, during, and recently after the crisis to determine the true victor, in between the years 1959 and 1979. Sources that will be used in this investigation includeRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis2100 Words   |  9 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis The Cuban missile crisis was the most dangerous of the Cold War, but it still involves the two main superpower enemies; Russia and America, only this time Cuba got involved too. The Cold War happened because Read MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis5937 Words   |  24 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis The world was at the edge of a third world war. This was the result of a variety of things: the Cuban Revolution, the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, US anti-communism, insecurity of the Soviet Union, and Cubas fear of invasion all made causes for war. However, war was not the result due to great cooperation from both President Kennedy and President Khrushchev and each of the decisions made by the leaders was crucial in the outcome of The Crisis. Kennedys choiceRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Essay3251 Words   |  14 Pageswar. Looking back now, I realize the Cuban Missile Crisis was an extreme pivotal moment in the Cold War. 6 months ago my own country, the United States of America, had never been so close to Armageddon with the Soviet Union. On October 16th, 1962 I was informed that the CIA’s National Photographic Interpretation Centre had reviewed findings from U-2 aircraft photographs and had identified objects that were soon to be interpreted as medium range ballistic missiles. The U-2 flight, piloted by MajorRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagesinevitable to the world, it was the first time nuclear war was hanging on a thread. The Cuban Missile Crisis presented a threat to the world, in which the USSR planted nuclear missiles on Cuba. America’s response was to threaten launching nuclear missiles at the Russians. This incident launched the world into a new time, which presented nuclear weapons as a source of power. The incident of the Cuban Missile Crisis still connects with us today because the power nuclear weapons present, which provides

Hindu Religion And Hindu Churches - 1153 Words

Khalil Gibran once said,â€Å" I love you when you bow in your mosque, kneel in your temple, pray in your church. For you and I are sons of one religion, and it is the spirit.† This quotation means that people from all races and religion are one in union, even though we come from different places and pray differently, we come together as one equal. This quotation relates to a religious site because all churches and religions are linked to the same thing. A religious site is a place where people connect to God and help bring peace in their life. I’ve chosen to go to a Mandir. A Mandir can be defined from Dictionary.com as a Hindu church. I’ve chosen to go to a Mandir because I am Hindu. Hinduism is one of the oldest religions dating back to 1400†¦show more content†¦Also after speaking with the owners and priest of this Mandir, I’ve realized that they are humble people who give back to the poor and want to build a better community. Queens Hindu Mandir is located on 107-01 101 Ave. Richmond hill NY 11419. This Mandir has been located in queens for about 7 years now. There are two floors in the church; the first floor is the prayer room where all of the Gods and Goddesses are located to be worshiped. The second floor is for the people to eat after service is over. There are many Gods and Goddesses in the Queens Hindu Mandir, there are over 75 idols that are worshiped on special occasions and on Sunday mass. I’ve spoken to four people who help organize the church during the week. My first person who I interviewed is the priest of the Mandir, Pandit Ravi Maharaj. Pandit Ravi Maharaj told me he has been a priest for about 7 years for the Queens Hindu Mandir, he told me that he loves praying in this temple because it gives him peace, and praying for others help him feel better as a person. Pandit Ravi Maharaj told me that he does Sunday services and he also prays with individuals who call him to prayer for certain reasons. He also prays with large gatherings on special occasions like Diwali etc. another person who I have spoken with is Devi; she is the decorator

Wage and Salary Chapter 1 - 12487 Words

Milkovich−Newman: Compensation, Eighth Edition Front Matter 1. The Pay Model  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 Chapter One The Pay Model Chapter Outline Compensation: Definition, Please? Society Stockholders Managers Employees Global Views—Vive la diffà ©rence Forms of Pay Cash Compensation: Base Cash Compensation: Merit Pay/ Cost-of-Living Adjustments Cash Compensation: Incentives Long-Term Incentives Benefits: Income Protection Benefits: Work/Life Focus Benefits: Allowances Total Earnings Opportunities: Present Value of a Stream of Earnings Relational Returns from Work The Employment Relationship Combines Transactional and Relational Returns Variations in Transactional and Relational Expectations A Pay Model Compensation†¦show more content†¦The Pay Model  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 2 Chapter 1 The Pay Model Think of all the other employees, in addition to the performers, required for putting on a performance of Cats. Electricians, trombonists, choreographers, dressers, janitors, nurses, vocal coaches, accountants, stagehands, payroll supervisors, ushers, lighting technicians, ticket sellers—the list goes on. Consider the array of wages paid to these employees. Why does the swing get paid more than other performers? Why does the performer get paid more (or less) than the trombonist? How are these decisions made, and who is involved in making them? Whether the pay is our own or someone else’s, compensation questions engage our attention. Does the compensation received by all the people connected with Cats matter? Most employers believe that how people are paid affects people’s behaviors at work, which affect an organization’s chances of success. Compensation systems can help an organization achieve and sustain competitive advantage.1 COMPENSATION: DEFINITION, PLEASE? What image does the word â€Å"compensation† bring to mind? It does not mean the same thing to everyone. Yet how people view compensation affects how they behave at work. Thus, we begin by recognizing different perspectives. Society Some people see pay as a measure of justice. For example, a comparison of earnings of women with those of men highlights what manyShow MoreRelatedEconomic Tool and Concepts1121 Words   |  5 Pagesnotable. According to Getzen (2007), â€Å"There has recently been a growing recognition that instead of a surplus, a future shortage of physicians may occur. Since the number of U.S. medical graduates has not kept pace with the growth in U.S. population† (Chapter 7, p. 161). The nursing shortage and medical providers has become extremely demanded within the health care industry to provide a quality of health care. The following information will define economic concepts such as supply curve, demand curveRead MorePayroll System1611 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 1 THE BACKGROUND AND ITS SETTING âž ¢ Introduction âž ¢ Background of the Study âž ¢ Problem Definition âž ¢ Significance of the Study âž ¢ Objective of the Study âž ¢ Scope and Delimitation CHAPTER 2 EXISTING SYSTEMS OVERVIEW âž ¢ Background of the Company âž ¢ Organizational Structure and its Function to the Organization âž ¢ Existing System Overview âž ¢ Analysis for Existing System Cost Show the ff: ââ€" ª Labour Expense ââ€" ª Utilities Expense ââ€" ª RentRead MoreQuestions On The Liquidation Courts871 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER TEN HOW TO BANKRUPT YOUR STUDENT LOANS Everybody realizes that you can t bankrupt understudy credits. Look the web with the catchphrases chapter 11 and understudy credits and you get either numerous postings for loaning establishments attempting to motivate you to take out another advance, or you see eBooks letting you know that it is basically difficult to bankrupt your understudy advances aside from under the state of undue hardship and afterward they neglect to let you know anythingRead MoreFive Social Insurances and One Housing Fund1726 Words   |  7 PagesFive Social Insurances and One Housing Fund Table of Content Chapter 1: Introduction 3 Chapter 2: Successful of Shanghai in Five social insurances one housing fund 4 Chapter 3: Impacts on Employer 5 Chapter 4: Impacts on Employee 6 Chapter 5: Precautions of Human Resources Management 7 Reference 8 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Five social insurances and one housing fund was established under Labor Act Chapter 9 Article 73. It is used to serve the purpose on maintaining social harmony by protectingRead MoreIntermediate Accounting I Week 11364 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 1 CA1-1 (FASB and Standard-Setting)  Presented below are four statements which you are to identify as true or false. If false, explain why the statement is false. 1.  GAAP is the term used to indicate the whole body of FASB authoritative literature. 2.  Any company claiming compliance with GAAP must comply with most standards and interpretations but does not have to follow the disclosure requirements. 3.  The primary governmental body that has influence over the FASB is the SEC. 4.  TheRead MoreChapter Two and Three Problems Essays983 Words   |  4 PagesChapter Two and Three Problems Please complete the following 7 exercises below in either Excel or a word document (but must be single document). You must show your work where appropriate (leaving the calculations within Excel cells is acceptable). 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Computerized Strategic Information Systems

Question: Discuss about the Computerized Strategic Information Systems. Answer: Introduction The need for computerized accounting dates back to 1974, when it was done in the same manner as the Egyptians used to do 3000 years before. With the rise in trade between Europe and Middle East, it was seen that accountancy shifted towards the rope by the end of the crusades. Similar to other professions such as mathematics and medicine, trade operations paved the way for documenting transaction to ensure that agents were able to consider viable spending decisions. This was exactly seen to be first adopted by the Europe and later on Australia. It was further seen that computerized accounting acted as the successors of modern accounting principles, which was gaining popularity after 13th century, especially with the rise of Method of Venice, which received publicity for its use of three books for recording transactions. Similarly, Australia strived to improve continuously the future of the accounting profession and ensuring integrity, excellence and innovativeness by the formation of CPA in the year 1886. The recent advancements in the technology and the changing business scenario in Australia have come to rely on inventions such as accounting software packages in order to keep up with the modern accounting methods. Hence, the several requirements evolved from the historical background related to changing business scenario and implementation of modern accounting principles has led to the rise of accounting software packages. Therefore, in the recent times the use of accounting software has been seen in several small and large businesses of Australia. Some of the highly ranked accounting software used in small and medium business includes Intuit QuickBooks, MYOB, Reckon, Saasu and Xero. In cases of the large organizations, the most noted ERP software has been SAP, through which the large organizations have been able to integrate accounting with several other functional areas of the business (QuickBooks. 2017). Evidence of research In several types of small and medium enterprises based in Australia, the research evidence is shown a significant amount of improvement in the overall developments through the introduction of accounting software over the years such as Intuit QuickBooks, MYOB, Reckon, Saasu and Xero. A research study was conducted in Tasmania to show implications on changes in accountancy costs by implementation of contrast accounting systems. The compliance for the services they seem to be directly satisfying the requirements as stated in Australian taxation Office (ATO) and Australian securities and investments commission (ASIC) and Corporations law. The main work included the preparation of financial statements, income returns for an SME organization based in Tasmania. On 1st July 2000, there were several changes introduced into the income system hence it was necessary to ensure that the introduction of modern accounting methods were not related to increase the indirect cost of the organization (Chaplin 2013). The research evidence has been not only found in business concerns, corporate organizations and small firms, but the integration of computerized accounting has also been seen to be benefiting the learners of the subject. In several cases, the application of accounting software has been seen to be useful for many users of accounting packages. Hence, the research showed that whether the implementation of accounting software had a subsequent change in the external accounting fees. The findings showed that in less than 3% of the obtained results SMEs were seen to be reporting a decrease in the accounting fees and in more than 45% of the cases the organization experienced a fee hike. The research findings further implied that that this increase in the accounting fees was not due to the implementation of accounting softwares but the main cause was associated to inadequate understanding of the accounting principles (Robb, Rohde and Green 2014). Development of Discussion The development of the discussion has been segregated in several sections. This has been shown advent of adoption techniques related to the accounting softwares, the present market size, the leaders of the accounting softwares in Australia and different types of challenges experienced by the customers. Adoption and development of accounting software The main development of the accounting software was seen to emerge due to the need of Accounting Information System. It is defined as that mechanism which accounts for recording and processing of accounting transactions within various types of functional modules such as accounts receivable, trial balance, payroll and accounts payable. That adoption and the development related to the accounting software was further seen with the rise of the concept of cloud accounting. In several cases, it has been also observed that Small Business Accounting (SBA) accounting software has led to several technological advancements related to sophistication, power, speed and flexibility (Newman et al. 2015). Over the years the development of the accounting software is has been seen in terms of adding more features to the financial packages such as marketing, supply chain activities, web interface and procurement of the materials. Hence, the main advancements are seen in terms of automatic updating of th e accounting information and its impacts on subsequent ledger accounts. The recent development in the accounting software such as Reckon is not only identified for its features such as performing point of sale transactions but features such as linking of sales transaction to the deck stop software suit (AdvisoryHQ. 2015). The present market size At present, it has been observed that MYOB itself has a customer base of more than 500,000 users in Australia and New Zealand. It has been further seen that more than 18,000 copies of Small Business Accounting (SBA) are sold off the shelf every year in Australia. It has been further reported that more than 77% of the IT systems based in Australia rely on the technology of comprised accounting softwares. The main implementation on the IT adoptions has been seen in the small and medium enterprises. In Australia, the SME sector has been seen to be consisting of 99% of all the business activities. The employees consisting in the SME organizations using the various types of accounting software has been seen to be ranging from 1 to 20. Hence, it can be said that the present market size of Australia consists of mostly the SMEs and the IT companies. The present customer base of Xero in has been seen with more than 400,000 customers all over the globe (Curtis 2015). The leaders of accounting software in Australia The leaders of the accounting software in Australia have been seen with three big players such as MYOB, Intuit and Xero. The competition related to the cloud accounting has shown MYOB as the supreme leader of accounting software for the medium and small enterprises and Intuit QuickBooks for the small Australian business owners (Heber 2015). In Australia MYOB have been seen with the market share ranging from a AUD 31.7 to 33.8 million and with an indicative price range of $ 3- $ 4 per share in the IPO. On the other hand, Xero has reported to receive payments from more than 180 countries and revenues worth $ 240 billion from the transactions and more than 95 million invoices (Heber 2015). Intuit has seen to be responding with allocation of significant investments through the developments in cloud-based offerings and in acquisition of internal development program. It has been further seen to be making an investment $ 250 million for its cloud-based offering (Mayasari 2015). Intuit QuickBooks is seen to be the most popular in terms of small Australian business owners due to its low price and comprehensive level of features. One can pay an amount of $ 12 per month in order to avail the basic features and $ 21 per month in order to avail the premium version. This is comparatively low when it comes to implementation of other software such as MYOB the charges between $ 50- $ 99 per month. Current gaps and challenges identified by the customers The findings from an experiment conducted in Australia related to learning benefits of employing accounting software in classrooms showed that the integration of accounting package in the accounting curriculum does not enhance the understanding of accounting concepts. This has further shown that several customers and users of accounting software find it difficult in understanding the application of accounting tools (Cluteinstitute.com. 2017). Some of the main noted gaps are further seen in terms of lack of security, weak reporting service, lack of efficiency, poor integration of customer relationship management, compatibility of the accounting software. It has been further seen that software such as SAP is very expensive and in many cases, users find it difficult to customize (QuickBooks and Premiere 2013). Recommendations Based on the several findings, it can be said that companies should rely on the use of accounting software is but at the same time monitor and crosscheck the accounting transactions which have been entered using the accounting software. In case of misinterpretation or disintegration of accounting data, the organizations should also ensure that they are able to avail the adequate support service from the software companies. Conclusion The findings based on the report have been able to show the historical background of emergence of accounting software in Australia. It has been further able to show the various types of development of the same and highlight on the importance of cloud accounting and accounting information system, which have led to the rise of accounting software or packages used in Australia. The several findings based on the previous research have also stated accounting softwares comes with its own pros and cons. Reference List AdvisoryHQ. (2015).5 Best Small Business Accounting Software in Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.advisoryhq.com/articles/5-best-small-business-accounting-software-in-australia/ [Accessed 20 Jan. 2017]. Budiarto, D.S., SE, M. and Ak, C.A., 2014. Accounting Information System (Ais) Alignment Non-Financial Performance On Small And Medium Enterprises (Smes). Chaplin, S., 2013. Changes in accountancy costs for Tasmanian SMEs implementing computerised accounting systems. InEnabling Organisations and Society through Information Systems: Proceedings of the 13th Australasian Conference on Information Systems. School of Information Systems, Victoria University. Cluteinstitute.com. (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.cluteinstitute.com/ojs/index.php/RBIS/article/viewFile/4542/4633 [Accessed 20 Jan. 2017]. Curtis, V., 2015.MYOB Software for Dummies-Australia. John Wiley Sons. Heber, A. (2015).The cloud accounting supremacy war in Australia. [online] Business Insider Australia. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com.au/charts-the-battle-for-supremacy-in-australias-cloud-accounting-market-2015-4 [Accessed 20 Jan. 2017]. Mayasari, M., 2015. The Influence of Personal Characteristics, Interaction:(Computer/Individual), Computer Self-efficacy, Personal Innovativeness in Information Technology to Computer Anxiety in use of Mind your Own Business Accounting Software.International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues,5(1S). Newman, C.E., Mao, L., Persson, A., Holt, M., Slavin, S., Kidd, M.R., Post, J.J., Wright, E. and de Wit, J., 2015. Not Until I'm Absolutely Half-Dead and Have To:Accounting for Non-Use of Antiretroviral Therapy in Semi-Structured Interviews with People Living with HIV in Australia.AIDS patient care and STDs,29(5), pp.267-278. QuickBooks, I. and Premiere, C., 2013. Accounting Software Supported: Accounting Software Version MISys Manufacturing Version.Sage,6, pp.0-7. QuickBooks. (2017).History of Accounting Software | QuickBooks. [online] Available at: https://www.quickbooks.co.za/product/accounting-software/history-of-accounting-software/ [Accessed 20 Jan. 2017]. Robb, D.A., Rohde, F.H. and Green, P.F., 2014. Standard Business Reporting in Australia: efficiency, effectiveness, or both?.Accounting Finance.

Managerial Accounting Management Formulation and Implementation

Question: Discuss about the Managerial Accounting: Management Formulation and Implementation. Answer: Introduction Budgeting is the process whereby the companies make an estimate of their cash flows for a future time period. Budgeting is regarded as the vital step towards because financial planning depends on it. To ensure that the organization drives in the correct direction it is essential that the budget is prepared in a manner that will provide maximum yield to the organization. The whole process of budgeting makes the purpose of decision making very easy for the management (Vanderbeck, 2013). Just like dieting is a plan of what to eat and what not budgeting is the plan of how much to spend and what to spend. Budget in simpler terms can also be called financial planning. The whole process of making a budget and implementing it is not very easy. Once it is prepared the resources are required to be allocated proportionately among all the departments. In case of shortfalls the resources are cutback from all the departments. It is a very important component of financial success (Kaplan, 2011). In short it can be commented that budget and budgetary control are easy to pronounce but implementation needs skills and time of managers. In the study below we will learn all about budgeting and budgetary control along with the challenges and how to face them. Budgetary control Budgetary control is the control technique whereby the actual results of the company are compared with the budgeted. The variances which arise on these are assigned to the control action team or the original budgets are made to be revised. In order to implement the whole of the process of budgeting more properly, they are assigned to managers of functional units or responsibility centres. The main responsibility centres are revenue centres, expense centres, profit centres and investment centres (CIMA, 2016). He manager of these responsibility centres are responsible for the functions of these units. After, they are done preparing and administrating the budgetary policies of each function, all the functions are grouped together to represent the organisation (Needles Powers, 2013). There are majorly three steps involved in budgetary control. Firstly a budget is prepared, then the actual results are obtained and lastly, the actual and budgeted performance is compared for variance analy sis. The main objectives of budgetary control are planning, co-ordination and control. The system of budgetary control has made the whole process of planning easier but it has some challenges. The whole process of making budget is based on planning and forecasting. The step which involves forecasting is very difficult because if the budgets are prepared based on these forecasts, the whole budget may become a fail (Otley, 2001). There are a lot of uncertainties in a business, also circumstances keep changing, and this may result in shortfall of resources which will later effect the production of the business. In order to implement the budgetary control it is important that co-operation exists among with the willingness to accept, in case people lack the will to co-operate it may make the execution difficult. This will result in inefficient performance (Otley, 2001). We should not forget that it is just a tool; it needs the management involvement for proper execution. Lack of personal involvement of management will lead to the whole process failure. The process of budget ary control has most of the tie proven to be cumbersome and time consuming. It requires using a lot of labour. To overcome the limitations of budgetary control there are modern budgeting tools which help make the whole process of budgeting a lot easier. The tools and techniques are devised so that flexibility is introduced and the procedure is ironed out. To bring some flexibility in the whole budgeting process the concept of flexible budget has been introduces (Shim Siegel, 2009). Therefore, the process and concept of budget and budgetary control has undergone immense changes with the due passage of time and this is done to ensure a better performance and effectiveness. This helps the organisations to prepare budget at various levels of production. As discussed the budgetary process is cumbersome and time consuming, in order to reduce this stress activity based budgeting has been bought into existence whereby the managers which perform certain functions are responsible to make budget for their own process, all these budgets are later consolidated in order to make them one, as a whole for th e organisation (Robinson Last, 2009). Also, the variance analysis from the budgeting process can be made more effective with implementation of Kaizen budgeting which provides better performance with reduced costs. All these measures help to provide the entity improved performance with reduced cost and effort. The process of budgetary control is directly related to performance management and intercreative mechanism. Performance management refers to evaluation of the activities and processes of the enterprise in order to check their performance and efficiency. Intercreative mechanism refers to use to best use of all processes in order to make the process of budgetary process more useful (Robinson Last, 2009). The whole process of making a budget and variance analysis provides a basis for comparison. The process of variance analysis provides the management with the basis of performance management. It helps the company to evaluate the performance to each activity by analysing the variance. Also, when the responsibilities of preparation of budget are given to the departments separately and when it has to be consolidated, and then the departments need to use their intercreative skills. Once the budget is prepared it becomes the responsibility of all the departments to implement it. Traditional Budgeting system The traditional budgeting system is the one where the money available is allocated for a set time period. The available resources are decided to be spending according to a set of plans and procedures. The major steps involved in traditional budgeting system are analyzing spending, development of a plan; create expenditure amount and fine tune spending. However the need of traditional budgeting is day by decreasing due to development of other modern techniques (Ryan, 2007). According to the experts the time covered by these budgets are incorrect, they depend on incorrect measures and they are either too simple or too complex. The major drawbacks of the traditional budgeting system are that more rules by the past decisions of the company which are the part of long term planning process. Incremental Budgeting Incremental budgeting is the budgeting tool which helps the organisation prepare budget based on the increased figures from the last periods data. It is one of the traditional approaches where the management does not want to invest in a lot of labour into making of budget or also in cases where there is no requirement to re evaluate the whole of the business performance. It happens in the industries where there is no huge competition and the profits are expected to be more or less the same (Merchant, 2012). The main advantages of this type of budgeting are that it is simple, provides financial and operational stability. Management budget The management budget is the type of budget which provides data for the use of the management of the company to take decisions other than the financing decision. The normal budget lays down a financial plan for the company whereas the manage budget helps the company to take decisions related to other matters of the company (Lanen et. al, 2008). The area which requires attention of the management is taken care of. The main advantages of this type of budget is that the management the overview of the performance of the company for other than the core business. Alternative Based Budgeting These were the traditional methods of budgeting. There are few modern budgeting concepts which are simpler and provide more accurate results. These budgets are more advanced and are more of activity oriented (Nordmeyer, 2015). These budgeting tools cover more comprehensive details and provide better results fast per the requirements. It is based on future and helps to Supports Companys strategy. It provides the space for utility innovation. It provides a systematic support for decision making (Lanen et. al, 2008). It mainly focuses o the future goals without having to explain the reason of the transactions happened in the past. The modern techniques of budgeting provide plans for the company in the volatile environments. Zero Based Budgeting Zero based budgeting is the kind of budgeting system which the budgeting for every function is to be started from a scratch or as we say zero base. ZBB assists in the implementation of the top level strategic goals which can be applied in the budgeting system by fixing them to the functional area within the organisation, where the costs are firstly grouped and then they are calculated as per the previous results along with the adjustments of the current expectations (CIMA, 2016). The zero based budgeting is constitutes of few stages description of each organisational activity, evaluation of decisions and ranking according to priority and allocation based on priority (Horngren, 2011). It is a detailed budgeting tools and it is done once in several years with only few functional areas which are reviewed the mangers. Activity Based Budgeting As the name suggests, it is the budgeting procedure whereby the budget is prepared for an activity. The budget is prepared for the expenses incurred on a single activity which is used in various functions of the organisation. A view at the cost structure of an organisation through the process which are actually being acted upon makes the mangers more effectively analyze the profit earning capacity of the various products and services of the company (Kirche Srivastava, 2005). The managers can compare these figures in order to evaluate the cost efficiencies of these activities which are performed in various functions. Planning and Programming Budgeting system The planning is programming budgeting system is the one which lays down a strong relationship between planning and making a budget. This concept of budget originates from government policy of making a national budget and its implementation which becomes a tool of national development (Barnat, 2014). It is the combination of the available allocated resources and the implementation of policies. This system requires the mangers to make a policy, calculate its output, determines the expected revenue to be generated and costs to be incurred in the long run by this policy (Horngren, 2011). This is a multi yes programme which helps to determine the structure of a policy. It is a detailed relationship between programming, planning and budgeting. Flexible Budget The concept of flexible budgeting is an extension to the traditional form of budgeting. A flexible budget is budget which adjusts and changes according to the volume and capacity. A flexible budget is more sophisticated and more useful than a static one, which tends to be the same at all level of outputs (Drury, 2011). For example, if a budget is prepared for materials of 1000 units at the rate of $1 per unit, and the actual consumption shall be 900 units then the flexible budget shall show the material to be 900 units at the rate of $1. It is a flexible tool and helps the company to make quick and constant decisions for important manners (Nordmeyer, 2015). External use of Budgeting As we already know that budgeting is required to forecast income and expenditure, it is a tool of decision making and also a means of business performance. All these are internally used by organisations to evaluate their performance and efficiency. But all these reports which are used internally are also used externally (Merchant, 2012). The budget reports are used by the stakeholders and bankers in order to evaluate the future performance of the organisation. These reports are sometimes the basis of credibility on which the banks approve loans. The banks need to check before sanctioning of loan if the creditor is capable to pay it back (Christensen, 2011). The company needs to check if they will be having sufficient funds at the time when instalment falls due. Beyond Budgeting Beyond budgeting refers to the management model which is more adaptive and empowered. It refers to the policy where instead of allocation of budgetary control, more of adaptive processes are implemented. It is a planning and decision making tool which is more of a modern technique (Barnat, 2014). In the todays hostile environment where it is very important to adapt oneself according to change, one just cannot stick to their old budget. They need to be competitive and always ready for what can come anytime. In order for the organisations to adapt to these hostile economic structure the organisations to implement the concept of beyond budgeting. This concept of beyond budgeting can be achieved by setting base goals with respect to external benchmarks, rewards should be paid not as per fixed contracts but as per the efficiency, planning should be a continuous process and not annual, resources should not be allocated from before, dynamically adopt to cross company changes and controls sh ould be based on effective governance and not on fixed reviews which are made annually depending on the budget (CIMA, 2016). Balanced Scorecard (BSC) Balanced scorecard is a planning and management system which is widely used in various industries, organisations in order to regulate the business activities with its vision and mission, also it helps to improve the communications within and outside the organisation. It also assists to monitors the organisation performance against strategic goals. It was originated by Dr. Robert Kaplan and David Norton. Though the balanced scorecard is a multi-dimensional performance measure it has a few points which are argumentative. The balanced scorecard method was first developed keeping in mind the manufacturing firms. So, there are a few thoughts which say that balanced scorecard is not an efficient tool for other sectors. There are a few positive effects which can be achieved using balanced scorecard method such as better strategy making, awareness, communications, etc. But the main motive behind implementation of balanced scorecard is increased performance which in most of the cases has not been achieved. Few say that an organisation cannot simply survive on the balanced scorecard method. Whereas, the other say that the balanced scorecard measure takes time for formulation and implementation. All in all, balanced scorecard method has been increasingly adopted all over the world; it fits better to some and not for others. Conclusion Therefore we see that budgeting is a relevant component of financial planning and is not very difficult to implement. The essential step or the initial one begins with budgeting. It provides solidity to the functioning of the business. Though there are few limitations on this, but they can still be used. As it is well known that there are certain constraints that come in the way but having a strong procedure leads to effectiveness. Budgetary control is not only for the hard times. This can be implemented all the times, whether the company has sufficient funds or not (Van, 2000). Also they can be implemented with businesses of any goals, size, industry, etc. It provides a long term and short term projection for the future cash flows. Moreover, budgetary control provides the organization with variety of options that can be used if there is an alteration in the main plan. This helps us to get a basic picture of the financial picture of the company which is very relevant. It helps the ma nagement to prepare for the storms which are about the come (Drury, 2011). There is a lot that can be achieved with the help of budgetary control. Organizations that have shown a strong system and success are entirely by dint of budgetary control. Budgetary control is a strong tool in the hand of the management that helps to attain a formidable result. References Barnat, R (2014, March 11), Strategic Management formulation and implementation. Available: https://www.strategic-control.24xls.com/en205 (Accessed: 2016, July 26) CIMA (2016), Enterprise risk management and budgetary control: a management challenge. Available: https://www.cimaglobal.com/Thought-leadership/Research-topics/Budgeting-and-planning/Enterprise-risk-management-and-budgetary-control-a-management-challenge/ (Accessed: 2016, July 27) Christensen, J. (2011) Good analytical research. European Accounting Review, 20(1): 41-51 Drury, C. (2011) Cost and management accounting. Andover, Hampshire, UK: South-Western Cengage Learning. Horngren, C. (2011) Cost accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Kaplan, R.S 2011, Accounting scholarship that advances professional knowledge and practice, The Accounting Review, vol. 86, no.2, pp. 367383. Kirche, E. Srivastava, R. (2005) An ABC-Based Cost Model with Inventory and Order Level Costs: A Comparison with TOC. International Journal of Production Research, 43(8): 44-68 Lanen, W. N., Anderson, S Maher, W. (2008) Fundamentals of cost accounting. NY: Hang Loose press. Merchant, K.A. (2012) Making Management Accounting Research More Useful. Pacific Accounting Review, 24(3): 1-34. Needles, B. E. Powers, M. (2013). Principles of Financial Accounting. Pearson Australia Group Needles, S. C. (2011) Managerial Accounting, Nason, USA: South Western Cengage Learning. Needles, B.E. Powers, M. (2013) Principles of Financial Accounting, Financial Accounting Series: Cengage Learning. Nordmeyer,B. (2015), The uses of Budgetary control. Available: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/uses-budgetary-control-31142.html (Accessed: 2016, July 26) Otley, D. (2001) Extending the boundaries of management accounting research. British Accounting Review, 33, 243-261. Robinson, M., Last, D. (2009) Budgetary Control Model: The Process of Translation. Accounting, Organization and Society, NY Press Ryan, B. (2007) Budgeting, the individual and the capital market: a case of fiscal stress. Accounting Forum, 31: 384-397. Shim, J.K Siegel, J.G. (2009) Modern Cost Management and Analysis. Barron's Education Series Van, W. (2000) The relationship between two consequences of budgetary control, Accounting, Organizations and Society. Accounting research, 25: 609-622. Vanderbeck, E. J. (2013). Principles of Cost Accounting. Oxford university press

The Best Ways to Prevent Overdue Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable free essay sample

The best way to prevent overdue accounts receivable is to ensure that all current debtors are current with their individual payments. This can be done in several ways. One option is to have the customer setup an auto payment plan, allowing the company to receive the monies owed automatically over a predetermined length of time. This method usually entails offering the customer a line of credit and is slowly gaining popularity. Another way is to have the customer pay for the entire amount at once, which is the most common way such things are done. In this method the customer pays the full amount at the time the goods or service is received, thus their balance, and the account receivable balance for this transaction, are at zero immediately following the transaction. The third method is for the customer to prepay for the goods or service. This method has the customer pay BEFORE they receive what is being purchased, and keeps the respective accounts at a zero balance for the transaction. We will write a custom essay sample on The Best Ways to Prevent Overdue Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A variant of this method is where the customer prepays for part of the transaction, leaving a deposit, paid prior to receiving the service or goods, then either paying the rest in full upon delivery or making scheduled payments of a predetermined amount over the course of a predetermined time line. Using one, or all of these methods in combination can ensure that a companys account receivable is never overdue, and that its outstanding monies owed are paid in a timely fashion. The best way to prevent overdue accounts payable is for a company to enter into agreements with the other companies it does business with, that allow it to either prepay all of its accounts on a regular basis for fixed usage goods and services. For example, prepaying for the twenty-three cases of fax/copier toner used each month. Another way if to setup a line of credit with another company for its services and setting up an auto pay schedule to pay predetermined amounts over a predetermined time frame. Thus this will allow the company to purchase goods and services as needed without the risk of not being able to pay for needed supplies or services. Also the company may engage in a policy of pay as needed goods and services, paying only for goods and services as it uses them or upon delivery. By using all of these methods, a company can ensure that it can preform its daily tasks and duties, without incurring a large amount of debt to other companies. Ideally, the best way for a company to avoid these situations is to ensure that its accounts receivable is taking in more than their accounts payable is required to pay out, basically that the company turns a profit. If the company owes more than it takes in it is failing as a business. If it takes in monies exactly equal to its operating costs, then it is not succeeding, but neither is it failing. When a company turns a profit, it is then that it is considered profitable, and can use the profits to expand its operations and scope, as well as make improvements to its facilities and even hire more staff. Doing this and even opening new locations and expanding their product line and services offered will, granted, incur them more debt, but it will also allow then increased revenue, which will hopefully cause a greater intake of profit, allowing greater expansion. If the company keeps up this profit cycle, then it will eventually turn a large profit, and thus will keep its account receivable and its account payable to profitable balances. Granted this is an over simplification of the process, and in order to maintain its maximum profits, the company will need to ensure it is getting the lowest prices from its suppliers and getting the maximum profit from its customers, but this is the most basic general principle of operating a business. This is possible though business to business negotiations, is easily achievable for any company willing to invest the time to do so. So in closing, through negotiation, smart business practice and expansion a company can prevent overdue accounts.

Sample Argumentative Essay on Legalizing Marijuana

Sample Argumentative Essay on Legalizing MarijuanaSample Argumentative Essay on Legalizing Marijuana is a guide to give all the argumentation and basic details that should be included in your arguments in favor of legalizing marijuana. This document is available as a PDF, Microsoft Word, or as a set of transcripts. The choice is yours.Before starting your Sample Argumentative Essay on Legalizing Marijuana, there are some fundamental points that you must remember. Since this subject is very complex, it is best to prepare for it beforehand and be prepared with your answers to any question. Even though this is an advanced course, you need to go through the whole process of drafting the essay and be sure that your body of work has adequate information. If you make any errors while learning this course, the chances of passing this exam would decrease.The first and most important step to take in learning how to write an essay is to invest time and effort in researching the topic. This will allow you to identify your objective and goals and can help you find the best resource material for your essay. Researching a topic can help you gain the needed information that you will use in your essay.Although writing a formal letter and submitting it to your university or college requires a lot of dedication, writing a persuasive essay requires a little more effort. With a professional, efficient argumentative essay, it is assured that your paper will pass. Here is how to write an argumentative essay. You have to decide on your purpose and targets, list down your different points, identify your sources, organize your information and create your arguments.The next important point that you must consider when writing your Sample Argumentative Essay on Legalizing Marijuana is to state your motive. Make sure that your motive is clear. You cannot start an essay in the middle of one. Write your reasons in the beginning, and follow that up with a conclusion.The next major point is to write your conclusion and make sure that you include all the facts that you have. Again, make sure that your conclusion and the essay are complete before moving to the next part. Check your sources carefully before you finally submit your paper.The last step is to format your essay and proofread it before it is submitted to the exam. You must also follow the rules of grammar, punctuation and syntax. You can make your proofreading more thorough by joining an online course that can help you edit and proofread your paper before submission. There are many sites that offer online courses on essay editing.Once your essay is finished, look at it carefully, and then submit it. This may sound simple, but if you fail to prepare the essay correctly, your essay could not pass.

The structure of keratin and collagen and show how their structures are suited to their biological functions Essay Example

The structure of keratin and collagen and show how their structures are suited to their biological functions Essay Example The structure of keratin and collagen and show how their structures are suited to their biological functions Paper The structure of keratin and collagen and show how their structures are suited to their biological functions Paper Keratin and collagen are very vital within the bodys structure; both are very similar in nature, being that they derive from amino acids, which make up their respective proteins. They both fall under a group of particular proteins known as scleroproteins or fibrous in nature. Majority of their structure consist of left-handed helix structures1. Scleroproteins make up one of the two major protein categories, the other being globular. Keratin and collagen each represent one of the three subclasses within scleroproteins. As scleroproteins their jobs are to provide support and protection for the body. They are adapt for this because of their complex structure of repeating polypeptide chains which strengthen as the bind together; this and their insolubility are vital in maintaining the anatomy of the body. Whilst being similar in some ways, collagen and keratin remain different in their specific functions and role. As mentioned above keratin is one of the three scleroproteins. It is an extremely strong, insoluble tertiary protein; it is the main constituent in the structures of various parts in the body. These include the skin, hair, nails, as well as horns and hooves in animals. The variety of body compounds that contain keratin show that it is a material that varies depending on function. In relation to skin, the amino acids, which make it up are arranged differently from any other form of keratin and make up the soft layer known as skin. It is present in all epithelial cells, those on the outer surface and on the inner surface such as the lining of the digestive tract. On the other end of things nails contain keratin, which are very hard. Other hard substances such as horns and hooves are formed by epithelial cells adapting to growing generous amounts of keratin and then dying as individual cells, leaving the keratin to form into these hard structures2. Where keratin is needed to be hard the arrangement of specific amino acids respond to the need to form a tough material. One of keratins important qualities is that it has the ability to flex and not tear of become destroyed. Keratin reinforces epithelial cells by helping to maintain their connections between cells. Cornification also known as keratinization is the foundation of how keratin in formed. The outer cells on the epidermis lose their function in this process, the cells organelles such as the nucleus and mitochondria disappear and metabolism ceases as the cells become replaced by keratin. This new layer is incapable of sensory perception and is classified as dead. Keratin covers the width of a cell enabling it to connect indirectly with other keratin in adjoining cell to form junctions called desmosomes2, this makes the outer most layer of non-porous, almost water proof. There are many types of keratin found in the body and in mammals, each type structured to suit its function. The most common form of keratin found in most parts of the body is alpha keratin3. They have long fibrous strands that super coil into alpha helixes, the folds and the short repeating units along the polypeptide chain are what make up their composition. The alpha helix is formed from an alpha keratin polypeptide, two of these twists around each other to form a coil. The hydrophobic strips on one helix associates itself with the other. This allows the side chains to interlock. The combination of the two coils is known as a dimmer. This is the basis of the protofilament of which 2 make up a protofibril. Four protofibrils make up a microfibril. The associations of many microfibrils form a macrofibril4. Hair for example consists of layers of dead cells that are packed with macrofibrils. The diagram below shows a general idea of how the higher order of alpha keratin is structured. A key feature of its structure is that is contains cysteine disulfide, this makes up for almost 24% of the amino acid structure5, it allows it to form disulphide bridges which forms a helix shape that is extremely strong. As the sulphur atoms bond covalently to each other across the helix, it forms a fibrous matrix, which is highly stable. High percentages of glycine and alanine aid to the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino and carboxyl groups of adjacent peptide bonds6. The disulphide bridges and hydrogen bonding cause insolubility in things like water. This structural feature is vital in mammals. The long filaments present in the structure provide support for the epithelial cells that contain keratin such as skin. It protects the body from damage by allowing other tissues to form around it and stabilize. Collagen is one of other types of scleroprotein, as with keratin it is an important part in majority of the bodys structures. It is the main component in connective tissue. It makes up for roughly 25% of the bodys protein7. Its strength and insolubility make it the most abundant protein in mammals. Being a connective protein it is seen in body tissues such as the skin, muscles, tendon and cartilage. There are about 25 different types of collagen that occur in the body. Collagen widely works with the other scleroproteins supporting the bodys tissues. It does this by providing support, firmness and strength. Collagen may be seen in different forms such as endomysium and fibrous tissue8, different types being made for different parts of the body such as the cornea, bone, blood vessels as well as the gut. It is able to withstand intense pulling and stretching. It makes up the major stress bearing parts of connective tissue4. One of the most important qualities of collagen is strength; it has the tensile strength of steel and is used to strengthen bone similarly to how metal rods reinforce concrete. It has been seen as a form of glue that hold the body together; with out it the human body would not be one complete structure. Collagen appears to be able to do this as a result of features within its structure. For a long period of time scientists have struggled to identify the exact structure of collagen, this is because of its unusual amino acid composition. Collagen has a super-coiled helical shape, it is long, stringy, strong, and resembles a rope. Its primary structure consists of a repeating sequence of glycine and two other amino acids, often proline and hydroxyproline; this forms its sturdy structure. These amino acids cause the chain not to gain the normal alpha- helix or beta- sheet structure; instead they form the long separate chains that allow the collagen triple helix to form9. A single strand of collagen is composed of three chains of polypeptides each being about 1000 amino acids long, the three strands are arranged parallel to each other and are wound up into a triple helix. The bundling of the fiber together and hydrogen bonding between the lengths of the polypeptide chain give it strength. The diagram below gives a general idea as to how a collagen fiber is shaped. Collagens tightly wound matrix of fibers in its structure is very vital in its function, being that majority of the body comprises of it, it need be very strong. For instance collagen is a major component of tendons, which connect muscles to bones, and ligaments, which connect bones to joints. The variance of collagen in these two parts is very little, but remain specialised for both areas. Both parts require strength and flexibility, things that are provided and adjusted from the compactions of the collagen fibers. As mentioned collagen varies in strength and flexibility depending on where its located and its function as connective tissue. Structural defects within the structures of vital proteins such as collagen and keratin can be responsible for major metabolic related diseases. Osteogenesis imperfecta also known as brittle bone disease is an example of one of these conditions that affect collagen. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder that causes extremely fragile bones. As a result people with the condition tend to have many fractures within a lifetime. It is an inherited disease; it is caused by mutations within the genes of type 1 collagen (the most prevalent collagen in the body). The deficiency stems from the substitution of the amino acid glycine, it should normally be at every third position for the triple helix to form properly, mutations that result in amino acids other than glycine in that position cause an issue within the collagen complex which produce unstable helices. The bodys lack of response to the dysfunctional collagen structure allows it to be hydrolyzed. When unstable helices form in the collagen associated with tendons and bones, such as Type I collagen, severely weak bone formation results10. There are 8 types of OI ranging form type I- VIII. The later being the worst case of it. The severity the condition depends on the specific gene defect. OI is typically hard to generalize as it varies from person to person, even when two people in the same family have the same form of it, the characteristics may be completely different. Symptoms of the condition vary; they may include blue sclera and early hearing loss. Milder forms of OI result in bowed arms and legs, scoliosis and kyphosis11. Currently there arent any cures for the condition. Treatment is directed toward preventing or controlling the symptoms, maximizing independent mobility, and developing optimal bone mass and muscle strength. Various forms of therapy are in place to reduce suffering for individuals with the condition. In extremely severe cases a surgical procedure called rodding is used. This involves inserting metal rods through the length of the long bones to strengthen them and prevent and/or correct deformities12. Research into various medication and other treatments are being explored, some include growth hormones, gene therapy and other multiple types of drugs.